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Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NOX-1-mediated oxidative stress and Raftlin-related lipid raft signalling in postmenopausal osteoporosis and evaluate their potential as discriminatory biomarkers. Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted between December 2025 and March 2026 at Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Participants (postmenopausal women) were equally divided into three groups: women with osteoporosis, postmenopausal women without osteoporosis, and age-matched healthy controls with normal bone mineral density. Serum NOX-1 and Raftlin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed as markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. Correlation analyses, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Results: A total of 150 postmenopausal women were included and equally divided into three groups (n = 50 each). NOX-1, Raftlin, and MDA levels were significantly higher, whereas SOD activity was significantly lower, in the osteoporosis group (P <0.001 each). Within this group, Raftlin correlated positively with NOX-1 (r = 0.52; P <0.001) and MDA (r = 0.44; P = 0.005), and negatively with SOD (r =-0.36; P = 0.018). NOX-1 correlated positively with MDA (r = 0.47; P = 0.003) and negatively with SOD (r =-0.39; P = 0.012). ROC analysis yielded areas under the curve of 0.953 for NOX-1, 0.901 for Raftlin, 0.921 for MDA, and 0.972 for the combined NOX-1 + Raftlin model (P <0.001 each). Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence linking circulating Raftlin and NOX-1 to oxidative stress in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Both markers showed promising discriminatory ability within the study cohort; however, independent validation is required.

Article Type

Original Study

Publication Date

11-3-2026

First Page

557

Last Page

565

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.

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